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Downloading Ubuntu Live CD

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.everyoneloves__top-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__mid-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__bot-mid-leaderboard:empty{ margin-bottom:0; } 1 I've looked at the download page and it's not clear to me which download I use to enable me to create an Ubuntu Live CD. I need the facility to try to recover data from a failing hard drive, using the instructions in this link: https://www.howtogeek.com/howto/windows-vista/use-ubuntu-live-cd-to-backup-files-from-your-dead-windows-computer/ Many thanks data-recovery share | improve this question asked Apr 7 at 8:09 phantomengineer phantomengineer

垄断

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垄断 ( 英语: Monopoly ),或称 卖者垄断 、獨賣、獨佔,一般指唯一的卖者在一个或多个市场,通过一个或多个阶段,面对竞争性的消费者;与买方垄断相反。獨占者在市場上,能夠隨意調節價格與產量(不能同時調節)。壟斷能夠藉由在法律上獨享的特權、對供應來源的控制、或是企業間的聯手或協力行為來達成。 [1] 中國自古稱壟斷為“榷” [2] 。古代中國的鹽、鐵、茶長期屬於官營之壟斷事業,因有暴利之故,国家一旦出现了财政危机,為貼補國用不足,必然實行禁榷制度。 一般认为,垄断的基本原因是进入障碍,也就是说,獨占廠商能在其市场上保持唯一卖者的地位,是因为其它企业不能进入市场并与之竞争。产生垄断的原因有三个: 自然垄断(natural monopoly):生产成本使一个生产者比大量生产者更有效率。这是最常见的垄断形式。 资源垄断:关键资源由一家企业拥有(如:無線電視的配音業)。 行政性垄断:政府给予一家企业排他性地生产某种产品或劳务的权利(public franchise)。 此外也有由政府自行壟斷,稱為專賣。 目录 1 垄断者的利润最大化问题 2 垄断组织與表現形式 3 危害与反垄断 4 參見 5 參考來源 垄断者的利润最大化问题 由于垄断者是其所生产产品的唯一卖者,因此,直接面对整个市场,换句话说,他将面对向下倾斜的市场需求。而买者人数众多,因此是竞争性的,也就是说,买者是价格接受者。因此,卖者可以通过控制产品价格,或者产量来最大化自己的利润,形成經濟租。 假设以 TR(Q),TC(Q){displaystyle TR(Q),TC(Q)} 来表示垄断者的总收益和总成本函数, π (Q){displaystyle pi (Q)} 表示当生产 Q{displaystyle Q} 个单位该产品时垄断者的利润水平。由此,垄断者的利润最大化问题为 maxQπ (Q)=TR(Q)− TC(Q){displaystyle max _{Q}pi (Q)=TR(Q)-TC(Q)} 。 则当 Qm>0{displaystyle Q^{m}>0} 为垄断者利润最大化产出的必要(但非充分)条件是, 0=dπ (Qm)dQ=dTR(Qm)dQ− dTC(Qm)dQ=

I have problems with dual boot Windows 8 / Ubuntu 18

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.everyoneloves__top-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__mid-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__bot-mid-leaderboard:empty{ margin-bottom:0; } 2 I have problem with my dual boot laptop. When i see grub i can choose Windows and ubuntu. While i keep using ubuntu everything is fine. Going to windows is tricky. Windows boots and works properly, but when (after reboot from windows) i would like to run ubuntu the system cannot boot. I see message that i should run e2fsk on my disk. After inserting live linux, doing e2fsk on both mentioned partitions (in my case /dev/sda1 and /dev/sda3) everything works fine until i need to boot windows again... Could anyone help me with that problem ? what should I do ? I think it all happened after some windows update, which required self reboot (i was away from keyboard)