Ubuntu 18.04 / 18.10 keeps crashing on hp elitebook 2740p





.everyoneloves__top-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__mid-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__bot-mid-leaderboard:empty{ margin-bottom:0;
}







0















Its my first time to use Linux, I just have tried some older versions last few days and none of them had the touch/pen working, and random crash used to happen.



I installed Ubuntu 18.10 on my old HP 2740p tablet PC, the touch and stylus are luckily working.



But unfortunately it keep crashing/restart after few seconds of starting or at the best cases after 5 or 10 minutes of use, making it impossible to use the system, even when I replaced it with 18.04 LTC, the problem remains.



It has nothing to do with overheating. by the way it works perfectly on windows 7 with no restarting issue, also working well but slower with windows 10.



I have read that some old intel thing is causing the crash and need to know what tweaks I need to do/try and how in a simple explanation.



My tablet specs:



Intel Core i7-620M (2.66-GHz, 4MB L3 cache)2 with Intel Turbo Boost -
Mobile Intel QM57 Express Chipset
- 4GB DDR3 PC3-10600 SDRAM (1333 MHz)3 -
Intel HD Graphics



THIS IS THE LOG: journalctl



Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel:   AMD AuthenticAMD
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: Centaur CentaurHauls
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: x86/fpu: x87 FPU will use FXSAV
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: e820: BIOS-provided physical RA
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009f
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000e0
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ba943
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bb043
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bb683
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bb7ff
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bb800
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000e0000
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fec00
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed10
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed19
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed1b
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fee00
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ffd00
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: NX (Execute Disable) protection
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: SMBIOS 2.6 present.
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: DMI: Hewlett-Packard HP EliteBo
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: e820: update [mem 0x00000000-0x
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: e820: remove [mem 0x000a0000-0x
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: e820: last_pfn = 0x138000 max_a
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: MTRR default type: uncachable

lines 1-34









share|improve this question




















  • 1





    journalctl -b -1 -e will show you the last page of log entries from the 1th previous reboot.

    – waltinator
    Mar 21 at 2:40











  • I have added the log to the question And by the way I moved to Kubuntu 16.04 and the crash problem remains

    – Ahmed B
    Mar 21 at 17:50













  • You only posted the First page of the log. Run the exact command I specified, not just journalctl

    – waltinator
    Mar 21 at 18:32


















0















Its my first time to use Linux, I just have tried some older versions last few days and none of them had the touch/pen working, and random crash used to happen.



I installed Ubuntu 18.10 on my old HP 2740p tablet PC, the touch and stylus are luckily working.



But unfortunately it keep crashing/restart after few seconds of starting or at the best cases after 5 or 10 minutes of use, making it impossible to use the system, even when I replaced it with 18.04 LTC, the problem remains.



It has nothing to do with overheating. by the way it works perfectly on windows 7 with no restarting issue, also working well but slower with windows 10.



I have read that some old intel thing is causing the crash and need to know what tweaks I need to do/try and how in a simple explanation.



My tablet specs:



Intel Core i7-620M (2.66-GHz, 4MB L3 cache)2 with Intel Turbo Boost -
Mobile Intel QM57 Express Chipset
- 4GB DDR3 PC3-10600 SDRAM (1333 MHz)3 -
Intel HD Graphics



THIS IS THE LOG: journalctl



Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel:   AMD AuthenticAMD
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: Centaur CentaurHauls
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: x86/fpu: x87 FPU will use FXSAV
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: e820: BIOS-provided physical RA
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009f
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000e0
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ba943
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bb043
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bb683
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bb7ff
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bb800
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000e0000
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fec00
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed10
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed19
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed1b
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fee00
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ffd00
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: NX (Execute Disable) protection
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: SMBIOS 2.6 present.
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: DMI: Hewlett-Packard HP EliteBo
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: e820: update [mem 0x00000000-0x
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: e820: remove [mem 0x000a0000-0x
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: e820: last_pfn = 0x138000 max_a
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: MTRR default type: uncachable

lines 1-34









share|improve this question




















  • 1





    journalctl -b -1 -e will show you the last page of log entries from the 1th previous reboot.

    – waltinator
    Mar 21 at 2:40











  • I have added the log to the question And by the way I moved to Kubuntu 16.04 and the crash problem remains

    – Ahmed B
    Mar 21 at 17:50













  • You only posted the First page of the log. Run the exact command I specified, not just journalctl

    – waltinator
    Mar 21 at 18:32














0












0








0








Its my first time to use Linux, I just have tried some older versions last few days and none of them had the touch/pen working, and random crash used to happen.



I installed Ubuntu 18.10 on my old HP 2740p tablet PC, the touch and stylus are luckily working.



But unfortunately it keep crashing/restart after few seconds of starting or at the best cases after 5 or 10 minutes of use, making it impossible to use the system, even when I replaced it with 18.04 LTC, the problem remains.



It has nothing to do with overheating. by the way it works perfectly on windows 7 with no restarting issue, also working well but slower with windows 10.



I have read that some old intel thing is causing the crash and need to know what tweaks I need to do/try and how in a simple explanation.



My tablet specs:



Intel Core i7-620M (2.66-GHz, 4MB L3 cache)2 with Intel Turbo Boost -
Mobile Intel QM57 Express Chipset
- 4GB DDR3 PC3-10600 SDRAM (1333 MHz)3 -
Intel HD Graphics



THIS IS THE LOG: journalctl



Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel:   AMD AuthenticAMD
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: Centaur CentaurHauls
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: x86/fpu: x87 FPU will use FXSAV
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: e820: BIOS-provided physical RA
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009f
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000e0
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ba943
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bb043
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bb683
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bb7ff
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bb800
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000e0000
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fec00
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed10
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed19
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed1b
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fee00
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ffd00
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: NX (Execute Disable) protection
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: SMBIOS 2.6 present.
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: DMI: Hewlett-Packard HP EliteBo
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: e820: update [mem 0x00000000-0x
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: e820: remove [mem 0x000a0000-0x
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: e820: last_pfn = 0x138000 max_a
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: MTRR default type: uncachable

lines 1-34









share|improve this question
















Its my first time to use Linux, I just have tried some older versions last few days and none of them had the touch/pen working, and random crash used to happen.



I installed Ubuntu 18.10 on my old HP 2740p tablet PC, the touch and stylus are luckily working.



But unfortunately it keep crashing/restart after few seconds of starting or at the best cases after 5 or 10 minutes of use, making it impossible to use the system, even when I replaced it with 18.04 LTC, the problem remains.



It has nothing to do with overheating. by the way it works perfectly on windows 7 with no restarting issue, also working well but slower with windows 10.



I have read that some old intel thing is causing the crash and need to know what tweaks I need to do/try and how in a simple explanation.



My tablet specs:



Intel Core i7-620M (2.66-GHz, 4MB L3 cache)2 with Intel Turbo Boost -
Mobile Intel QM57 Express Chipset
- 4GB DDR3 PC3-10600 SDRAM (1333 MHz)3 -
Intel HD Graphics



THIS IS THE LOG: journalctl



Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel:   AMD AuthenticAMD
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: Centaur CentaurHauls
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: x86/fpu: x87 FPU will use FXSAV
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: e820: BIOS-provided physical RA
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009f
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000e0
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ba943
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bb043
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bb683
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bb7ff
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bb800
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000e0000
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fec00
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed10
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed19
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed1b
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fee00
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ffd00
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: NX (Execute Disable) protection
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: SMBIOS 2.6 present.
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: DMI: Hewlett-Packard HP EliteBo
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: e820: update [mem 0x00000000-0x
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: e820: remove [mem 0x000a0000-0x
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: e820: last_pfn = 0x138000 max_a
Mar 21 18:30:57 owner-HP-EliteBook-2740p-SJ621UC kernel: MTRR default type: uncachable

lines 1-34






crash






share|improve this question















share|improve this question













share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited Mar 21 at 18:31









waltinator

22.9k74169




22.9k74169










asked Mar 21 at 1:58









Ahmed B Ahmed B

12




12








  • 1





    journalctl -b -1 -e will show you the last page of log entries from the 1th previous reboot.

    – waltinator
    Mar 21 at 2:40











  • I have added the log to the question And by the way I moved to Kubuntu 16.04 and the crash problem remains

    – Ahmed B
    Mar 21 at 17:50













  • You only posted the First page of the log. Run the exact command I specified, not just journalctl

    – waltinator
    Mar 21 at 18:32














  • 1





    journalctl -b -1 -e will show you the last page of log entries from the 1th previous reboot.

    – waltinator
    Mar 21 at 2:40











  • I have added the log to the question And by the way I moved to Kubuntu 16.04 and the crash problem remains

    – Ahmed B
    Mar 21 at 17:50













  • You only posted the First page of the log. Run the exact command I specified, not just journalctl

    – waltinator
    Mar 21 at 18:32








1




1





journalctl -b -1 -e will show you the last page of log entries from the 1th previous reboot.

– waltinator
Mar 21 at 2:40





journalctl -b -1 -e will show you the last page of log entries from the 1th previous reboot.

– waltinator
Mar 21 at 2:40













I have added the log to the question And by the way I moved to Kubuntu 16.04 and the crash problem remains

– Ahmed B
Mar 21 at 17:50







I have added the log to the question And by the way I moved to Kubuntu 16.04 and the crash problem remains

– Ahmed B
Mar 21 at 17:50















You only posted the First page of the log. Run the exact command I specified, not just journalctl

– waltinator
Mar 21 at 18:32





You only posted the First page of the log. Run the exact command I specified, not just journalctl

– waltinator
Mar 21 at 18:32










0






active

oldest

votes












Your Answer








StackExchange.ready(function() {
var channelOptions = {
tags: "".split(" "),
id: "89"
};
initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);

StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function() {
// Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled) {
StackExchange.using("snippets", function() {
createEditor();
});
}
else {
createEditor();
}
});

function createEditor() {
StackExchange.prepareEditor({
heartbeatType: 'answer',
autoActivateHeartbeat: false,
convertImagesToLinks: true,
noModals: true,
showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
reputationToPostImages: 10,
bindNavPrevention: true,
postfix: "",
imageUploader: {
brandingHtml: "Powered by u003ca class="icon-imgur-white" href="https://imgur.com/"u003eu003c/au003e",
contentPolicyHtml: "User contributions licensed under u003ca href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"u003ecc by-sa 3.0 with attribution requiredu003c/au003e u003ca href="https://stackoverflow.com/legal/content-policy"u003e(content policy)u003c/au003e",
allowUrls: true
},
onDemand: true,
discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
});


}
});














draft saved

draft discarded


















StackExchange.ready(
function () {
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2faskubuntu.com%2fquestions%2f1127401%2fubuntu-18-04-18-10-keeps-crashing-on-hp-elitebook-2740p%23new-answer', 'question_page');
}
);

Post as a guest















Required, but never shown

























0






active

oldest

votes








0






active

oldest

votes









active

oldest

votes






active

oldest

votes
















draft saved

draft discarded




















































Thanks for contributing an answer to Ask Ubuntu!


  • Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!

But avoid



  • Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.

  • Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.


To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.




draft saved


draft discarded














StackExchange.ready(
function () {
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2faskubuntu.com%2fquestions%2f1127401%2fubuntu-18-04-18-10-keeps-crashing-on-hp-elitebook-2740p%23new-answer', 'question_page');
}
);

Post as a guest















Required, but never shown





















































Required, but never shown














Required, but never shown












Required, but never shown







Required, but never shown

































Required, but never shown














Required, but never shown












Required, but never shown







Required, but never shown







Popular posts from this blog

數位音樂下載

When can things happen in Etherscan, such as the picture below?

格利澤436b