助動詞
助動詞（auxiliary verb、英文簡稱：aux）是一種可以改變主要動詞意義或时态的一組動詞，在印歐語系語言中非常常見。例如英語中的have、can、will、must等。這些助動詞不能自己單獨使用，必須要與另外一個動詞配合使用才有意義。又助動詞在句子中有其固定的出現位置，例如：在直述句中，助動詞通常會出現在主詞之後，但卻在動詞之前： "You must go home tonight." 這個句子中，you 是主詞，must 是助動詞，go 是動詞。另外與助動詞連用的動詞，必須以動詞原型或分词形式呈現。
下面是助動詞為現在式和過去式比較
現在式 過去式
can → could
will → would
may → might
shall → should(註:shall=will有未來之意。should通常用於現在式，表應該之意)
do/does → did
have/has → had
參見
- 英語助動詞
參考文獻
.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{list-style-type:none;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>dl>dd{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}
- Allerton, D. 2006. Verbs and their Satellites. In Handbook of English Linguistics. Aarts 7 MacMahon (eds.). Blackwell.
Adger, D. 2003. Core syntax. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.- Bresnan, J. 2001. Lexical-Functional Syntax. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers.
- Culicover, P. 2009. Natural language syntax. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
- Crystal, D. 1997. A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics, 4th edition. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers.
- Engel, U. 1994. Syntax der deutschen Sprache, 3rd edition. Berlin: Erich Schmidt Verlag.
- Eroms, H.-W. 2000. Syntax der deutschen Sprache. Berlin: de Gruyter.
- Finch, G. 2000. Linguistic terms and concepts. New York: St. Martin's Press.
- Fowler's Modern English Usage. 1996. Revised third edition. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
- Jurafsky, M. and J. Martin. 2000. Speech and language processing. Dorling Kindersley (India): Pearson Education, Inc.
- Kroeger, P. 2004. Analyzing syntax: A lexical-functional approach. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
- Lewis, M. The English Verb 'An Exploration of Structure and Meaning'. Language Teaching Publications. ISBN 0-906717-40-X
- Osborne, T. and T. Groß 2012. Constructions are catenae: Construction Grammar meets Dependency Grammar. Cognitive Linguistics 23, 1, 165-216.
- Radford. A. 1997. Syntactic theory and the structure of English: A minimalist approach. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
- Radford, A. 2004. English syntax: An introduction. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
- Rowlett, P. 2007. The syntax of French. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
- Sag, I. and T. Wasow. 1999. Syntactic theory: A formal introduction. Stanford, CA: CSLI Publications.
- Tesnière, L. 1959. Éleménts de syntaxe structurale. Paris: Klincksieck.
- Warnant, L. 1982. Structure syntaxique du français. Librairie Droz.
外部連接
 | 维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：助動詞 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
語言學主題
