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Does a command like color exist in bash?

There is a command in Microsoft's cmd, called color.
I know that, in bash, there are special characters that allows you, during the echos, to change the text colors. As well I do know that in ubuntu you can edit the parameters of the terminal setting a "style" going inside the config, editing it and applying it with mouse under the menus.

What I ask is, if there exists under debian, ubuntu and centOS something very simple like:

color 1b

so that the console turns from:

to

There are multiple ways you can do this.

One way is by using tput:

tput setab 4 sets the background color to blue. To set the foreground color, use tput setaf.

Another way is by using raw ANSI escapes, here is a good documentation: https://misc.flogisoft.com/bash/tip_colors_and_formatting

The command setterm can be used:

setterm -background blue

or

setterm -ba blue

This uses standard ECMA-48 control sequences and will actually work with many (but not all) terminal emulators. (Contrary to the manual, it does not in fact use terminfo for this option.) ECMA-48 includes the notion of a default colour for both background and foreground which one can change to with default:

setterm --background default

To change the default colour, add the --store option (which emits a control sequence that only works with the Linux kernel's built-in terminal emulator, however):

setterm --background red --store

See man setterm and setterm --help for more details.

With xterm-like terminal emulators, you can use:

xtermcontrol --bg blue

(blue or any color specification supported by XParseColor(3x)).

That actually sends a 33]11;blue7 sequence, so you can do the same with:

printf '33]11;%sa' blue

See Operating System Commands, in the XTerm Control Sequences document for details.