非編碼核糖核酸





非編碼核糖核酸英语:non-coding RNA),縮寫ncRNA,是指各種不轉譯成蛋白質的RNA分子。過去也稱此類RNA為小核糖核酸(sRNA)。不過有些ncRNA分子其實相當大。其他較少使用的同義詞還有非信使核糖核酸(nmRNA)、小非信使核糖核酸(snmRNA)或功能性核糖核酸(fRNA)等。


DNA序列中專門轉錄成非編碼RNA的部分稱為RNA基因或是非編碼RNA基因。非編碼RNA基因用來生產tRNA(轉移RNA)與rRNA(核糖體RNA),以及一些小RNA,如snoRNAs、microRNAs、siRNAs與piRNAs;較大的則有Xist、Evf、Air、CTN與PINK等。


基因組中可生產非編碼RNA的DNA比例目前仍未明瞭,最近的轉錄組及微陣列研究顯示,在老鼠基因組中,可能有超過3萬個長ncRNA。mRNA(信使RNA)末端也含有一些非編碼區域(non-coding regions;UTRs),雖然這些部分並非蛋白質編碼,但mRNA並不歸類於非編碼RNA。



外部連結



  • The Rfam Database

  • Non-coding RNA database


  • EumiR prediction of microRNA precursors based on Support Vector Machine.


  • HairpinFetcher Prediction and analysis of hairpin forming potential in nucleic acids.


  • RNA@IGIB group at the Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology working on functional noncoding RNA biology.


  • Wikiomics/RNA Provides links to a variety of ncRNA analysis tools for structure prediction, sequence alignment and homology search.


  • miRacle Provides target search for microRNAs and other small non-coding RNAs based on an algorithm which incorporates RNA secondary structure.






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