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I have created two fractions (see example below), but the denominator is a little too close to the division bar. Can I change this somehow?

documentclass{article}

usepackage{amsmath}



begin{document}

    Combining two Gaussians with mean $mu_1, mu_2$ and variance $sigma_1^2, sigma_2^2$ yields a new Gaussian with mean $mu = frac{sigma_2^2 mu_1 + sigma_1^2 mu_2}{sigma_1^2 + sigma_2^2}$ and variance $sigma^2 = frac{1}{frac{1}{sigma_1^2} + frac{1}{sigma_2^2}}$

end{document}

You have two main options:

• Switch from frac{...}{...}-notation to inline-fraction notation




• Switch to display math to typeset the formulas for mu and sigma^2.

documentclass{article}

usepackage{amsmath} % for "text" macro

begin{document}



noindent

1. OP's original version:



Combining two Gaussians with mean $mu_1, mu_2$ and variance $sigma_1^2, sigma_2^2$ yields a new Gaussian with mean $mu = frac{sigma_2^2 mu_1 + sigma_1^2 mu_2}{sigma_1^2 + sigma_2^2}$ and variance $sigma^2 = frac{1}{frac{1}{sigma_1^2} + frac{1}{sigma_2^2}}$.



medskipnoindent

2. Partial switch to inline-math notation



Combining two Gaussians with mean $mu_1, mu_2$ and variance 

$sigma_1^2, sigma_2^2$ yields a new Gaussian with mean 

$mu = frac{sigma_2^2 mu_1 + sigma_1^2 mu_2}{sigma_1^2 + sigma_2^2}$ 

and variance $sigma^2 = frac{1}{1/sigma_1^2 + 1/sigma_2^2}$.



medskipnoindent

3. Full switch to inline math notation



Combining two Gaussians with means $mu_1$ and $mu_2$ and 

variances $sigma_1^2$ and $sigma_2^2$ yields a new Gaussian 

with mean $mu = (sigma_2^2 mu_1 + sigma_1^2 mu_2)/(sigma_1^2 + 

sigma_2^2)$ and variance $sigma^2 = 1/(1/sigma_1^2 + 1/sigma_2^2)$.



medskipnoindent

4. Switch to display math



Combining two Gaussians with means $mu_1$ and $mu_2$ and 

variances $sigma_1^2$ and $sigma_2^2$ yields a new Gaussian 

with mean $mu$ and variance $sigma^2$ given by

[

mu=frac{sigma_2^2 mu_1 + sigma_1^2 mu_2}{sigma_1^2 + sigma_2^2} 

quadtext{and}quad 

sigma^2 = frac{1}{1/sigma_1^2 + 1/sigma_2^2},.

]



end{document} 

Here, I preserve the fraction in its native textstyle, but add a (default) 1pt buffer above and below the numerator and denominator of each fraction, which can be changed with an optional argument. I call it qfrac{}{}. The MWE shows before and after.

documentclass{article}

usepackage{stackengine,scalerel}

stackMath

newcommandqfrac[3][1pt]{frac{%

  ThisStyle{addstackgap[#1]{SavedStyle#2}}}{%

  ThisStyle{addstackgap[#1]{SavedStyle#3}}%

}}

usepackage{amsmath}



begin{document}

    Combining two Gaussians with mean $mu_1, mu_2$ and variance $sigma_1^2, 

  sigma_2^2$ yields a new Gaussian with mean $mu = frac{sigma_2^2 mu_1 + 

  sigma_1^2 mu_2}{sigma_1^2 + sigma_2^2}$ and variance $sigma^2 = 

  frac{1}{frac{1}{sigma_1^2} + frac{1}{sigma_2^2}}$



   Combining two Gaussians with mean $mu_1, mu_2$ and variance $sigma_1^2, 

  sigma_2^2$ yields a new Gaussian with mean $mu = qfrac{sigma_2^2 mu_1 + 

  sigma_1^2 mu_2}{sigma_1^2 + sigma_2^2}$ and variance $sigma^2 = 

  qfrac[.5pt]{1}{qfrac{1}{sigma_1^2} + qfrac{1}{sigma_2^2}}$

end{document}