Transparent Materials for Creating Martian Dome Ceilings












3












$begingroup$


What options exist it any, for a radiation resistant, transparent, and durable material that could theoretically be used for a ceiling of a martian dome?






technological-development







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  • 3




    $begingroup$
    Resistant to what sort of Radiation? After all, Light is Radiation, and if it resists that then it's not transparent.
    $endgroup$
    – Chronocidal
    2 days ago










  • $begingroup$
    Any type of radiation that will cause you to die from radiation poisoning. I am more concerned with things like gamma radiation than UV radiation giving you a sunburn.
    $endgroup$
    – user2745094
    2 days ago








  • 4




    $begingroup$
    I think you underestimate how bad prolonged exposure to UV is...
    $endgroup$
    – Arkenstein XII
    2 days ago






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    @user2745094 "Sunburn" is mild UV exposure. Severe exposure gives you skin cancer... You're probably safer with the gamma radiation, because humans are mostly transparent to it. (If you live in some parts of Scotland, you're probably getting a higher dose of gamma radiation from the granite than you are UV radiation from the sun...)
    $endgroup$
    – Chronocidal
    2 days ago


















3












$begingroup$


What options exist it any, for a radiation resistant, transparent, and durable material that could theoretically be used for a ceiling of a martian dome?






technological-development







share|improve this question







New contributor




user2745094 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.







$endgroup$








  • 3




    $begingroup$
    Resistant to what sort of Radiation? After all, Light is Radiation, and if it resists that then it's not transparent.
    $endgroup$
    – Chronocidal
    2 days ago










  • $begingroup$
    Any type of radiation that will cause you to die from radiation poisoning. I am more concerned with things like gamma radiation than UV radiation giving you a sunburn.
    $endgroup$
    – user2745094
    2 days ago








  • 4




    $begingroup$
    I think you underestimate how bad prolonged exposure to UV is...
    $endgroup$
    – Arkenstein XII
    2 days ago






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    @user2745094 "Sunburn" is mild UV exposure. Severe exposure gives you skin cancer... You're probably safer with the gamma radiation, because humans are mostly transparent to it. (If you live in some parts of Scotland, you're probably getting a higher dose of gamma radiation from the granite than you are UV radiation from the sun...)
    $endgroup$
    – Chronocidal
    2 days ago
















3












3








3





$begingroup$


What options exist it any, for a radiation resistant, transparent, and durable material that could theoretically be used for a ceiling of a martian dome?






technological-development







share|improve this question







New contributor




user2745094 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.







$endgroup$




What options exist it any, for a radiation resistant, transparent, and durable material that could theoretically be used for a ceiling of a martian dome?






technological-development




technological-development






share|improve this question







New contributor




user2745094 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.











share|improve this question







New contributor




user2745094 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









share|improve this question




share|improve this question






New contributor




user2745094 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









asked 2 days ago









user2745094user2745094

1063




1063




New contributor




user2745094 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.





New contributor





user2745094 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






user2745094 is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.








  • 3




    $begingroup$
    Resistant to what sort of Radiation? After all, Light is Radiation, and if it resists that then it's not transparent.
    $endgroup$
    – Chronocidal
    2 days ago










  • $begingroup$
    Any type of radiation that will cause you to die from radiation poisoning. I am more concerned with things like gamma radiation than UV radiation giving you a sunburn.
    $endgroup$
    – user2745094
    2 days ago








  • 4




    $begingroup$
    I think you underestimate how bad prolonged exposure to UV is...
    $endgroup$
    – Arkenstein XII
    2 days ago






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    @user2745094 "Sunburn" is mild UV exposure. Severe exposure gives you skin cancer... You're probably safer with the gamma radiation, because humans are mostly transparent to it. (If you live in some parts of Scotland, you're probably getting a higher dose of gamma radiation from the granite than you are UV radiation from the sun...)
    $endgroup$
    – Chronocidal
    2 days ago
















  • 3




    $begingroup$
    Resistant to what sort of Radiation? After all, Light is Radiation, and if it resists that then it's not transparent.
    $endgroup$
    – Chronocidal
    2 days ago










  • $begingroup$
    Any type of radiation that will cause you to die from radiation poisoning. I am more concerned with things like gamma radiation than UV radiation giving you a sunburn.
    $endgroup$
    – user2745094
    2 days ago








  • 4




    $begingroup$
    I think you underestimate how bad prolonged exposure to UV is...
    $endgroup$
    – Arkenstein XII
    2 days ago






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    @user2745094 "Sunburn" is mild UV exposure. Severe exposure gives you skin cancer... You're probably safer with the gamma radiation, because humans are mostly transparent to it. (If you live in some parts of Scotland, you're probably getting a higher dose of gamma radiation from the granite than you are UV radiation from the sun...)
    $endgroup$
    – Chronocidal
    2 days ago










3




3




$begingroup$
Resistant to what sort of Radiation? After all, Light is Radiation, and if it resists that then it's not transparent.
$endgroup$
– Chronocidal
2 days ago




$begingroup$
Resistant to what sort of Radiation? After all, Light is Radiation, and if it resists that then it's not transparent.
$endgroup$
– Chronocidal
2 days ago












$begingroup$
Any type of radiation that will cause you to die from radiation poisoning. I am more concerned with things like gamma radiation than UV radiation giving you a sunburn.
$endgroup$
– user2745094
2 days ago






$begingroup$
Any type of radiation that will cause you to die from radiation poisoning. I am more concerned with things like gamma radiation than UV radiation giving you a sunburn.
$endgroup$
– user2745094
2 days ago






4




4




$begingroup$
I think you underestimate how bad prolonged exposure to UV is...
$endgroup$
– Arkenstein XII
2 days ago




$begingroup$
I think you underestimate how bad prolonged exposure to UV is...
$endgroup$
– Arkenstein XII
2 days ago




3




3




$begingroup$
@user2745094 "Sunburn" is mild UV exposure. Severe exposure gives you skin cancer... You're probably safer with the gamma radiation, because humans are mostly transparent to it. (If you live in some parts of Scotland, you're probably getting a higher dose of gamma radiation from the granite than you are UV radiation from the sun...)
$endgroup$
– Chronocidal
2 days ago






$begingroup$
@user2745094 "Sunburn" is mild UV exposure. Severe exposure gives you skin cancer... You're probably safer with the gamma radiation, because humans are mostly transparent to it. (If you live in some parts of Scotland, you're probably getting a higher dose of gamma radiation from the granite than you are UV radiation from the sun...)
$endgroup$
– Chronocidal
2 days ago












2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















5












$begingroup$

Aluminium Oxynitride



85% as hard as sapphire, 80% transparent to Visible Light, used as Bulletproof glass capable of stopping multiple 50 cal rounds. Capable of withstanding temperatures up to 2100°C, radiation resistant and resists damage from water and most acids or bases.



It is transparent to near-infrared and mid-infrared (but not to UV), so you might require an extra coating on the inside to block that (Transparency range is about 200–5000 nm)






share|improve this answer









$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    Isn't it extremely expensive to manufacture? I heard that's the reason it isn't replacing polycarbonate anytime soon. However I think it may be one of the better alternatives.
    $endgroup$
    – Efialtes
    2 days ago






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    @Efialtes It currently costs between 3 - 5 times as much as regular bulletproof glass - but it only needs to be half as thick to do the same job, and is much lighter (so you save a load of money on fuel or maintenance for your bulletproof cars...)
    $endgroup$
    – Chronocidal
    yesterday






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Ah yes that's true, however for a giant dome it may be prohibitively expensive.
    $endgroup$
    – Efialtes
    yesterday






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    I suspect the cost of shipping any material to mars will far outweigh the cost of the material itself. If it's twice the price and half the weight, it's far far cheaper by the time it gets to mars
    $endgroup$
    – sdfgeoff
    yesterday





















7












$begingroup$

Water ice could be used. It would need a membrane plastic coating on the outside to prevent sublimation and an inner plastic or glass inner panel to help with temperature regulation. But several metres of ice would provide significant radiation protection and the weight would help to contain the high pressure within the dome. If impurities are removed ice can easily be frozen into a very clear blocks. Water us available on Mars in large quantities and would be required at the first Mars base for ISRU propellant production, as well as a source of drinking water and oxygen.






share|improve this answer









$endgroup$













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    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes








    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes









    5












    $begingroup$

    Aluminium Oxynitride



    85% as hard as sapphire, 80% transparent to Visible Light, used as Bulletproof glass capable of stopping multiple 50 cal rounds. Capable of withstanding temperatures up to 2100°C, radiation resistant and resists damage from water and most acids or bases.



    It is transparent to near-infrared and mid-infrared (but not to UV), so you might require an extra coating on the inside to block that (Transparency range is about 200–5000 nm)






    share|improve this answer









    $endgroup$













    • $begingroup$
      Isn't it extremely expensive to manufacture? I heard that's the reason it isn't replacing polycarbonate anytime soon. However I think it may be one of the better alternatives.
      $endgroup$
      – Efialtes
      2 days ago






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      @Efialtes It currently costs between 3 - 5 times as much as regular bulletproof glass - but it only needs to be half as thick to do the same job, and is much lighter (so you save a load of money on fuel or maintenance for your bulletproof cars...)
      $endgroup$
      – Chronocidal
      yesterday






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Ah yes that's true, however for a giant dome it may be prohibitively expensive.
      $endgroup$
      – Efialtes
      yesterday






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      I suspect the cost of shipping any material to mars will far outweigh the cost of the material itself. If it's twice the price and half the weight, it's far far cheaper by the time it gets to mars
      $endgroup$
      – sdfgeoff
      yesterday


















    5












    $begingroup$

    Aluminium Oxynitride



    85% as hard as sapphire, 80% transparent to Visible Light, used as Bulletproof glass capable of stopping multiple 50 cal rounds. Capable of withstanding temperatures up to 2100°C, radiation resistant and resists damage from water and most acids or bases.



    It is transparent to near-infrared and mid-infrared (but not to UV), so you might require an extra coating on the inside to block that (Transparency range is about 200–5000 nm)






    share|improve this answer









    $endgroup$













    • $begingroup$
      Isn't it extremely expensive to manufacture? I heard that's the reason it isn't replacing polycarbonate anytime soon. However I think it may be one of the better alternatives.
      $endgroup$
      – Efialtes
      2 days ago






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      @Efialtes It currently costs between 3 - 5 times as much as regular bulletproof glass - but it only needs to be half as thick to do the same job, and is much lighter (so you save a load of money on fuel or maintenance for your bulletproof cars...)
      $endgroup$
      – Chronocidal
      yesterday






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Ah yes that's true, however for a giant dome it may be prohibitively expensive.
      $endgroup$
      – Efialtes
      yesterday






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      I suspect the cost of shipping any material to mars will far outweigh the cost of the material itself. If it's twice the price and half the weight, it's far far cheaper by the time it gets to mars
      $endgroup$
      – sdfgeoff
      yesterday
















    5












    5








    5





    $begingroup$

    Aluminium Oxynitride



    85% as hard as sapphire, 80% transparent to Visible Light, used as Bulletproof glass capable of stopping multiple 50 cal rounds. Capable of withstanding temperatures up to 2100°C, radiation resistant and resists damage from water and most acids or bases.



    It is transparent to near-infrared and mid-infrared (but not to UV), so you might require an extra coating on the inside to block that (Transparency range is about 200–5000 nm)






    share|improve this answer









    $endgroup$



    Aluminium Oxynitride



    85% as hard as sapphire, 80% transparent to Visible Light, used as Bulletproof glass capable of stopping multiple 50 cal rounds. Capable of withstanding temperatures up to 2100°C, radiation resistant and resists damage from water and most acids or bases.



    It is transparent to near-infrared and mid-infrared (but not to UV), so you might require an extra coating on the inside to block that (Transparency range is about 200–5000 nm)







    share|improve this answer












    share|improve this answer



    share|improve this answer










    answered 2 days ago









    ChronocidalChronocidal

    6,3131831




    6,3131831












    • $begingroup$
      Isn't it extremely expensive to manufacture? I heard that's the reason it isn't replacing polycarbonate anytime soon. However I think it may be one of the better alternatives.
      $endgroup$
      – Efialtes
      2 days ago






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      @Efialtes It currently costs between 3 - 5 times as much as regular bulletproof glass - but it only needs to be half as thick to do the same job, and is much lighter (so you save a load of money on fuel or maintenance for your bulletproof cars...)
      $endgroup$
      – Chronocidal
      yesterday






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Ah yes that's true, however for a giant dome it may be prohibitively expensive.
      $endgroup$
      – Efialtes
      yesterday






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      I suspect the cost of shipping any material to mars will far outweigh the cost of the material itself. If it's twice the price and half the weight, it's far far cheaper by the time it gets to mars
      $endgroup$
      – sdfgeoff
      yesterday




















    • $begingroup$
      Isn't it extremely expensive to manufacture? I heard that's the reason it isn't replacing polycarbonate anytime soon. However I think it may be one of the better alternatives.
      $endgroup$
      – Efialtes
      2 days ago






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      @Efialtes It currently costs between 3 - 5 times as much as regular bulletproof glass - but it only needs to be half as thick to do the same job, and is much lighter (so you save a load of money on fuel or maintenance for your bulletproof cars...)
      $endgroup$
      – Chronocidal
      yesterday






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Ah yes that's true, however for a giant dome it may be prohibitively expensive.
      $endgroup$
      – Efialtes
      yesterday






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      I suspect the cost of shipping any material to mars will far outweigh the cost of the material itself. If it's twice the price and half the weight, it's far far cheaper by the time it gets to mars
      $endgroup$
      – sdfgeoff
      yesterday


















    $begingroup$
    Isn't it extremely expensive to manufacture? I heard that's the reason it isn't replacing polycarbonate anytime soon. However I think it may be one of the better alternatives.
    $endgroup$
    – Efialtes
    2 days ago




    $begingroup$
    Isn't it extremely expensive to manufacture? I heard that's the reason it isn't replacing polycarbonate anytime soon. However I think it may be one of the better alternatives.
    $endgroup$
    – Efialtes
    2 days ago




    1




    1




    $begingroup$
    @Efialtes It currently costs between 3 - 5 times as much as regular bulletproof glass - but it only needs to be half as thick to do the same job, and is much lighter (so you save a load of money on fuel or maintenance for your bulletproof cars...)
    $endgroup$
    – Chronocidal
    yesterday




    $begingroup$
    @Efialtes It currently costs between 3 - 5 times as much as regular bulletproof glass - but it only needs to be half as thick to do the same job, and is much lighter (so you save a load of money on fuel or maintenance for your bulletproof cars...)
    $endgroup$
    – Chronocidal
    yesterday




    1




    1




    $begingroup$
    Ah yes that's true, however for a giant dome it may be prohibitively expensive.
    $endgroup$
    – Efialtes
    yesterday




    $begingroup$
    Ah yes that's true, however for a giant dome it may be prohibitively expensive.
    $endgroup$
    – Efialtes
    yesterday




    1




    1




    $begingroup$
    I suspect the cost of shipping any material to mars will far outweigh the cost of the material itself. If it's twice the price and half the weight, it's far far cheaper by the time it gets to mars
    $endgroup$
    – sdfgeoff
    yesterday






    $begingroup$
    I suspect the cost of shipping any material to mars will far outweigh the cost of the material itself. If it's twice the price and half the weight, it's far far cheaper by the time it gets to mars
    $endgroup$
    – sdfgeoff
    yesterday













    7












    $begingroup$

    Water ice could be used. It would need a membrane plastic coating on the outside to prevent sublimation and an inner plastic or glass inner panel to help with temperature regulation. But several metres of ice would provide significant radiation protection and the weight would help to contain the high pressure within the dome. If impurities are removed ice can easily be frozen into a very clear blocks. Water us available on Mars in large quantities and would be required at the first Mars base for ISRU propellant production, as well as a source of drinking water and oxygen.






    share|improve this answer









    $endgroup$


















      7












      $begingroup$

      Water ice could be used. It would need a membrane plastic coating on the outside to prevent sublimation and an inner plastic or glass inner panel to help with temperature regulation. But several metres of ice would provide significant radiation protection and the weight would help to contain the high pressure within the dome. If impurities are removed ice can easily be frozen into a very clear blocks. Water us available on Mars in large quantities and would be required at the first Mars base for ISRU propellant production, as well as a source of drinking water and oxygen.






      share|improve this answer









      $endgroup$
















        7












        7








        7





        $begingroup$

        Water ice could be used. It would need a membrane plastic coating on the outside to prevent sublimation and an inner plastic or glass inner panel to help with temperature regulation. But several metres of ice would provide significant radiation protection and the weight would help to contain the high pressure within the dome. If impurities are removed ice can easily be frozen into a very clear blocks. Water us available on Mars in large quantities and would be required at the first Mars base for ISRU propellant production, as well as a source of drinking water and oxygen.






        share|improve this answer









        $endgroup$



        Water ice could be used. It would need a membrane plastic coating on the outside to prevent sublimation and an inner plastic or glass inner panel to help with temperature regulation. But several metres of ice would provide significant radiation protection and the weight would help to contain the high pressure within the dome. If impurities are removed ice can easily be frozen into a very clear blocks. Water us available on Mars in large quantities and would be required at the first Mars base for ISRU propellant production, as well as a source of drinking water and oxygen.







        share|improve this answer












        share|improve this answer



        share|improve this answer










        answered 2 days ago









        SlartySlarty

        11k42664




        11k42664






















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            數位音樂下載 為非以「實體」方式來販賣音樂的相關產品，而使用數位格式如mp3、AAC等文件格式來進行銷售販賣的一种音乐产业形式。著名的數位音樂下載服務商有iTunes Store、RecoChoku、Google Play音乐和微软Zune等。数字音乐下载在二十一世纪初一度风靡全球， [1] [2] 使得传统唱片产业走向衰落，但其自身也在2010年代流媒体音乐服务如Apple Music、Spotify等的挤压下迅速失去市场份额。 [3] [4] 数字音乐下载有便于携带、传播迅速、制作简单成本低等优点，与流媒体音乐相比也能更好保障音乐人权益； [5] 但它同时很可能带来侵犯版权和滥用的情形， [6] 也给音乐产业带来了诸多不利影响。数字音乐下载为音乐人和乐迷提供了更加便捷直接的交流渠道，也一定程度上推动了网络音乐人的出现和独立音乐的迅速发展。 [7] 目录 1 历史 1.1 技术积淀（1987-2000） 1.2 出现与兴起（2000-2004） 1.3 唱片市场的颠覆者（2004-2007） 1.4 巅峰和衰落（2005-2013） 1.5 摇摇欲坠的现状与不可预知的明天（2014至今） 2 主要文件格式 2.1 PCM编码格式 2.1.1 WAV 2.1.2 APE 2.1.3 FLAC 2.2 苹果推出的无损文件格式 2.2.1 AIFF 2.2.2 ALAC 2.3 有损压缩格式 2.3.1 MP3 2.3.2 AAC 3 主要市场 3.1 iTunes Store 3.2 Google Play音乐商店 3.3 亚马逊音乐商店 3.4 部分其他音乐商店 4 影响与评价 4.1 对音乐产业的影响 4.2 对科技行业的影响 4.3 正面评价 4.4 负面评价 4.4.1 侵权问题 4.4.2 经营模式不明晰 4.4.3 不适应移动时代 4.5 文化现象 5 延伸阅读 6 参考资料 历史 苹果iTunes+iPod的软硬件搭配让数字音...
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            When can things happen in Etherscan, such as the picture below?

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            2 I don't know why balance of the address is 0. when can this situation? etherscan balances share | improve this question asked yesterday Ru Hi Ru Hi 11 1 New contributor Ru Hi is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering. Check out our Code of Conduct. add a comment  |  ...
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            格利澤436b

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            格利泽436b 太陽系外行星 太陽系外行星列表 艺术家笔下的格利泽436b 母恆星 母恆星 Gliese 436 星座 獅子座 赤經 ( α ) 11 h  42 m  11.0941 s [1] 赤緯 ( δ ) +26° 42′ 23.652″ [1] 距離 33.4 ly (10.2 pc) 光譜類型 M2.5 V [1] 軌道參數 半长轴 ( a ) 0.0291±0.0004 [2] AU 軌道離心率 ( e ) 0.150±0.012 [2] 公轉週期 ( P ) 2.643904±0.000005 [3] d (0.00723849 y) 軌道傾角 ( i ) 85.8 +0.21 −0.25 [3] ° 角距 ( θ ) 2.794 mas 近星點時間 ( T 0 ) 2,451,551.716 ±0.01 JD 半振幅 ( K ) 18.68±0.8 m/s 物理性质 质量 ( m ) 22.2±1.0 [2] M ⊕ 半徑 ( r ) 4.327±0.183 [2] [4] R ⊕ 密度 ( ρ ) 1.51 g cm -3 表面重力 ( g ) 1.18 g 溫度 ( T ) 712±36 [2] K 發現 發現時間 2004 發現者 巴特勒、沃格特、 馬西 et al. 發現方法 徑向速度、凌日法 發現地點 美國加利福尼亞州 發表論文 出版 其他名稱 Ross 905 b, GJ 436 b, [5] LTT 13213 b, GCTP 2704.10 b, LHS 310, AC+27:28217 b, Vyssotsky 616 b, HIP 57087 b, GEN# +9.80120068 b, LP 319-75 b, G 121-7 b, LSPM J1142+2642 b, 1RXS J114211.9+264328 b, ASCC 683818 b, G 147-68 b, UCAC2 41198281 b, BP...
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