Vector calculus integration identity problem












5












$begingroup$


This is a follow up from another post. I was using the integration symbols available in the Basic Math Assistant palette.



I am new to vector calculus operations. There is a known identity found in my textbook.



$$qquad int _{4 pi }hat{s} (hat{s}cdot A) d omega=frac{4 pi}{3}A$$



I have no idea how to do this type of integration. This is what I tried, but it returns a disaster:



Integrate[s*(Dot[s, A]), s, {0, 4 π}]


Also without success:



Integrate[{Sin[θ], Cos[θ]}*(Dot[{Sin[θ], Cos[θ]}, {a1, a2}]), θ, {0, 4 π}]


It is obvious that I am doing something fundamentally not correct. I go to the documentation on Vector Calculus, but it does not offer much in substance or examples. How do you enter the integral expression shown above in order to return the identity in the right?



Update



In response to comments, here is a copy of the text. This is from page 10 of Optical-Thermal Response of Laser-Irradiated Tissue.



$omega$ is the surface area of a sphere in steradians. $hat s$ is the directional vector of a pencil of radiation located inside the sphere



table










share|improve this question











$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    What are $s$ and $omega$ supposed to be? It might be helpful if you can give an example of the textbook with the formula.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 1:23






  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Here's my guess: With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), s [Element] Sphere] ] --- or this: With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), s [Element] Sphere] == 4 Pi/3 A ]
    $endgroup$
    – Michael E2
    Apr 1 at 1:33












  • $begingroup$
    @Michael, yes, that does seem to be it. This is why people should always define what their variables mean in their formulae.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 1:37










  • $begingroup$
    @Michael E2 please post it as an answear for upvote
    $endgroup$
    – Jose Enrique Calderon
    Apr 1 at 2:10








  • 2




    $begingroup$
    I've never seen this author's notation. My guess is that $int_{4pi}cdots$ means the integral over the sphere of measure $4pi$, i.e., the unit sphere.
    $endgroup$
    – Michael E2
    Apr 1 at 2:27


















5












$begingroup$


This is a follow up from another post. I was using the integration symbols available in the Basic Math Assistant palette.



I am new to vector calculus operations. There is a known identity found in my textbook.



$$qquad int _{4 pi }hat{s} (hat{s}cdot A) d omega=frac{4 pi}{3}A$$



I have no idea how to do this type of integration. This is what I tried, but it returns a disaster:



Integrate[s*(Dot[s, A]), s, {0, 4 π}]


Also without success:



Integrate[{Sin[θ], Cos[θ]}*(Dot[{Sin[θ], Cos[θ]}, {a1, a2}]), θ, {0, 4 π}]


It is obvious that I am doing something fundamentally not correct. I go to the documentation on Vector Calculus, but it does not offer much in substance or examples. How do you enter the integral expression shown above in order to return the identity in the right?



Update



In response to comments, here is a copy of the text. This is from page 10 of Optical-Thermal Response of Laser-Irradiated Tissue.



$omega$ is the surface area of a sphere in steradians. $hat s$ is the directional vector of a pencil of radiation located inside the sphere



table










share|improve this question











$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    What are $s$ and $omega$ supposed to be? It might be helpful if you can give an example of the textbook with the formula.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 1:23






  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Here's my guess: With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), s [Element] Sphere] ] --- or this: With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), s [Element] Sphere] == 4 Pi/3 A ]
    $endgroup$
    – Michael E2
    Apr 1 at 1:33












  • $begingroup$
    @Michael, yes, that does seem to be it. This is why people should always define what their variables mean in their formulae.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 1:37










  • $begingroup$
    @Michael E2 please post it as an answear for upvote
    $endgroup$
    – Jose Enrique Calderon
    Apr 1 at 2:10








  • 2




    $begingroup$
    I've never seen this author's notation. My guess is that $int_{4pi}cdots$ means the integral over the sphere of measure $4pi$, i.e., the unit sphere.
    $endgroup$
    – Michael E2
    Apr 1 at 2:27
















5












5








5





$begingroup$


This is a follow up from another post. I was using the integration symbols available in the Basic Math Assistant palette.



I am new to vector calculus operations. There is a known identity found in my textbook.



$$qquad int _{4 pi }hat{s} (hat{s}cdot A) d omega=frac{4 pi}{3}A$$



I have no idea how to do this type of integration. This is what I tried, but it returns a disaster:



Integrate[s*(Dot[s, A]), s, {0, 4 π}]


Also without success:



Integrate[{Sin[θ], Cos[θ]}*(Dot[{Sin[θ], Cos[θ]}, {a1, a2}]), θ, {0, 4 π}]


It is obvious that I am doing something fundamentally not correct. I go to the documentation on Vector Calculus, but it does not offer much in substance or examples. How do you enter the integral expression shown above in order to return the identity in the right?



Update



In response to comments, here is a copy of the text. This is from page 10 of Optical-Thermal Response of Laser-Irradiated Tissue.



$omega$ is the surface area of a sphere in steradians. $hat s$ is the directional vector of a pencil of radiation located inside the sphere



table










share|improve this question











$endgroup$




This is a follow up from another post. I was using the integration symbols available in the Basic Math Assistant palette.



I am new to vector calculus operations. There is a known identity found in my textbook.



$$qquad int _{4 pi }hat{s} (hat{s}cdot A) d omega=frac{4 pi}{3}A$$



I have no idea how to do this type of integration. This is what I tried, but it returns a disaster:



Integrate[s*(Dot[s, A]), s, {0, 4 π}]


Also without success:



Integrate[{Sin[θ], Cos[θ]}*(Dot[{Sin[θ], Cos[θ]}, {a1, a2}]), θ, {0, 4 π}]


It is obvious that I am doing something fundamentally not correct. I go to the documentation on Vector Calculus, but it does not offer much in substance or examples. How do you enter the integral expression shown above in order to return the identity in the right?



Update



In response to comments, here is a copy of the text. This is from page 10 of Optical-Thermal Response of Laser-Irradiated Tissue.



$omega$ is the surface area of a sphere in steradians. $hat s$ is the directional vector of a pencil of radiation located inside the sphere



table







symbolic vector-calculus






share|improve this question















share|improve this question













share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited 2 days ago









J. M. is slightly pensive

99k10311467




99k10311467










asked Apr 1 at 1:15









Jose Enrique CalderonJose Enrique Calderon

1,073719




1,073719












  • $begingroup$
    What are $s$ and $omega$ supposed to be? It might be helpful if you can give an example of the textbook with the formula.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 1:23






  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Here's my guess: With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), s [Element] Sphere] ] --- or this: With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), s [Element] Sphere] == 4 Pi/3 A ]
    $endgroup$
    – Michael E2
    Apr 1 at 1:33












  • $begingroup$
    @Michael, yes, that does seem to be it. This is why people should always define what their variables mean in their formulae.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 1:37










  • $begingroup$
    @Michael E2 please post it as an answear for upvote
    $endgroup$
    – Jose Enrique Calderon
    Apr 1 at 2:10








  • 2




    $begingroup$
    I've never seen this author's notation. My guess is that $int_{4pi}cdots$ means the integral over the sphere of measure $4pi$, i.e., the unit sphere.
    $endgroup$
    – Michael E2
    Apr 1 at 2:27




















  • $begingroup$
    What are $s$ and $omega$ supposed to be? It might be helpful if you can give an example of the textbook with the formula.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 1:23






  • 2




    $begingroup$
    Here's my guess: With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), s [Element] Sphere] ] --- or this: With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), s [Element] Sphere] == 4 Pi/3 A ]
    $endgroup$
    – Michael E2
    Apr 1 at 1:33












  • $begingroup$
    @Michael, yes, that does seem to be it. This is why people should always define what their variables mean in their formulae.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 1:37










  • $begingroup$
    @Michael E2 please post it as an answear for upvote
    $endgroup$
    – Jose Enrique Calderon
    Apr 1 at 2:10








  • 2




    $begingroup$
    I've never seen this author's notation. My guess is that $int_{4pi}cdots$ means the integral over the sphere of measure $4pi$, i.e., the unit sphere.
    $endgroup$
    – Michael E2
    Apr 1 at 2:27


















$begingroup$
What are $s$ and $omega$ supposed to be? It might be helpful if you can give an example of the textbook with the formula.
$endgroup$
– J. M. is slightly pensive
Apr 1 at 1:23




$begingroup$
What are $s$ and $omega$ supposed to be? It might be helpful if you can give an example of the textbook with the formula.
$endgroup$
– J. M. is slightly pensive
Apr 1 at 1:23




2




2




$begingroup$
Here's my guess: With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), s [Element] Sphere] ] --- or this: With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), s [Element] Sphere] == 4 Pi/3 A ]
$endgroup$
– Michael E2
Apr 1 at 1:33






$begingroup$
Here's my guess: With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), s [Element] Sphere] ] --- or this: With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), s [Element] Sphere] == 4 Pi/3 A ]
$endgroup$
– Michael E2
Apr 1 at 1:33














$begingroup$
@Michael, yes, that does seem to be it. This is why people should always define what their variables mean in their formulae.
$endgroup$
– J. M. is slightly pensive
Apr 1 at 1:37




$begingroup$
@Michael, yes, that does seem to be it. This is why people should always define what their variables mean in their formulae.
$endgroup$
– J. M. is slightly pensive
Apr 1 at 1:37












$begingroup$
@Michael E2 please post it as an answear for upvote
$endgroup$
– Jose Enrique Calderon
Apr 1 at 2:10






$begingroup$
@Michael E2 please post it as an answear for upvote
$endgroup$
– Jose Enrique Calderon
Apr 1 at 2:10






2




2




$begingroup$
I've never seen this author's notation. My guess is that $int_{4pi}cdots$ means the integral over the sphere of measure $4pi$, i.e., the unit sphere.
$endgroup$
– Michael E2
Apr 1 at 2:27






$begingroup$
I've never seen this author's notation. My guess is that $int_{4pi}cdots$ means the integral over the sphere of measure $4pi$, i.e., the unit sphere.
$endgroup$
– Michael E2
Apr 1 at 2:27












1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes


















5












$begingroup$

Here's my guess:



With[{s = {x, y, z},
A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), s ∈ Sphere] ]
(* {(4 A1 π)/3, (4 A2 π)/3, (4 A3 π)/3} *)


--- or this:



With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}},
Integrate[s (s.A), s ∈ Sphere] == 4 Pi/3 A ]
(* True *)





share|improve this answer









$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    Why it simply does not work with limits of integration {s,0,4Pi}
    $endgroup$
    – Jose Enrique Calderon
    Apr 1 at 2:15






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    @Jose, the author was being lazy with the limits (basically, shorter than saying "integrate over the whole area of the unit sphere"). It is fine to be lazy in mathematics, but not so much when programming.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 2:17












  • $begingroup$
    @J.M. is slightly pensive Ok.. but why Mathematica function proposed in the answear does not work with With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), {s,0,4Pi}] ]
    $endgroup$
    – Jose Enrique Calderon
    Apr 1 at 2:20








  • 2




    $begingroup$
    @Jose The syntax {s, 0, 4 Pi} already implies one-dimensional s from Mathematica's view, while in the "abuse of notation" used in your reference, $hat{s}$ is implied to be a vector.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 2:23








  • 3




    $begingroup$
    @Jose: the easiest way is that you have to switch to spherical coordinates if you need to integrate across arbitrary angles. If you insist on keeping yourself to regions, you can use RegionIntersection with Sphere and either ConicHullRegion or HalfSpace.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 2:31












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1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes








1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes









active

oldest

votes






active

oldest

votes









5












$begingroup$

Here's my guess:



With[{s = {x, y, z},
A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), s ∈ Sphere] ]
(* {(4 A1 π)/3, (4 A2 π)/3, (4 A3 π)/3} *)


--- or this:



With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}},
Integrate[s (s.A), s ∈ Sphere] == 4 Pi/3 A ]
(* True *)





share|improve this answer









$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    Why it simply does not work with limits of integration {s,0,4Pi}
    $endgroup$
    – Jose Enrique Calderon
    Apr 1 at 2:15






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    @Jose, the author was being lazy with the limits (basically, shorter than saying "integrate over the whole area of the unit sphere"). It is fine to be lazy in mathematics, but not so much when programming.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 2:17












  • $begingroup$
    @J.M. is slightly pensive Ok.. but why Mathematica function proposed in the answear does not work with With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), {s,0,4Pi}] ]
    $endgroup$
    – Jose Enrique Calderon
    Apr 1 at 2:20








  • 2




    $begingroup$
    @Jose The syntax {s, 0, 4 Pi} already implies one-dimensional s from Mathematica's view, while in the "abuse of notation" used in your reference, $hat{s}$ is implied to be a vector.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 2:23








  • 3




    $begingroup$
    @Jose: the easiest way is that you have to switch to spherical coordinates if you need to integrate across arbitrary angles. If you insist on keeping yourself to regions, you can use RegionIntersection with Sphere and either ConicHullRegion or HalfSpace.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 2:31
















5












$begingroup$

Here's my guess:



With[{s = {x, y, z},
A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), s ∈ Sphere] ]
(* {(4 A1 π)/3, (4 A2 π)/3, (4 A3 π)/3} *)


--- or this:



With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}},
Integrate[s (s.A), s ∈ Sphere] == 4 Pi/3 A ]
(* True *)





share|improve this answer









$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    Why it simply does not work with limits of integration {s,0,4Pi}
    $endgroup$
    – Jose Enrique Calderon
    Apr 1 at 2:15






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    @Jose, the author was being lazy with the limits (basically, shorter than saying "integrate over the whole area of the unit sphere"). It is fine to be lazy in mathematics, but not so much when programming.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 2:17












  • $begingroup$
    @J.M. is slightly pensive Ok.. but why Mathematica function proposed in the answear does not work with With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), {s,0,4Pi}] ]
    $endgroup$
    – Jose Enrique Calderon
    Apr 1 at 2:20








  • 2




    $begingroup$
    @Jose The syntax {s, 0, 4 Pi} already implies one-dimensional s from Mathematica's view, while in the "abuse of notation" used in your reference, $hat{s}$ is implied to be a vector.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 2:23








  • 3




    $begingroup$
    @Jose: the easiest way is that you have to switch to spherical coordinates if you need to integrate across arbitrary angles. If you insist on keeping yourself to regions, you can use RegionIntersection with Sphere and either ConicHullRegion or HalfSpace.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 2:31














5












5








5





$begingroup$

Here's my guess:



With[{s = {x, y, z},
A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), s ∈ Sphere] ]
(* {(4 A1 π)/3, (4 A2 π)/3, (4 A3 π)/3} *)


--- or this:



With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}},
Integrate[s (s.A), s ∈ Sphere] == 4 Pi/3 A ]
(* True *)





share|improve this answer









$endgroup$



Here's my guess:



With[{s = {x, y, z},
A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), s ∈ Sphere] ]
(* {(4 A1 π)/3, (4 A2 π)/3, (4 A3 π)/3} *)


--- or this:



With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}},
Integrate[s (s.A), s ∈ Sphere] == 4 Pi/3 A ]
(* True *)






share|improve this answer












share|improve this answer



share|improve this answer










answered Apr 1 at 2:13









Michael E2Michael E2

150k12203482




150k12203482












  • $begingroup$
    Why it simply does not work with limits of integration {s,0,4Pi}
    $endgroup$
    – Jose Enrique Calderon
    Apr 1 at 2:15






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    @Jose, the author was being lazy with the limits (basically, shorter than saying "integrate over the whole area of the unit sphere"). It is fine to be lazy in mathematics, but not so much when programming.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 2:17












  • $begingroup$
    @J.M. is slightly pensive Ok.. but why Mathematica function proposed in the answear does not work with With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), {s,0,4Pi}] ]
    $endgroup$
    – Jose Enrique Calderon
    Apr 1 at 2:20








  • 2




    $begingroup$
    @Jose The syntax {s, 0, 4 Pi} already implies one-dimensional s from Mathematica's view, while in the "abuse of notation" used in your reference, $hat{s}$ is implied to be a vector.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 2:23








  • 3




    $begingroup$
    @Jose: the easiest way is that you have to switch to spherical coordinates if you need to integrate across arbitrary angles. If you insist on keeping yourself to regions, you can use RegionIntersection with Sphere and either ConicHullRegion or HalfSpace.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 2:31


















  • $begingroup$
    Why it simply does not work with limits of integration {s,0,4Pi}
    $endgroup$
    – Jose Enrique Calderon
    Apr 1 at 2:15






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    @Jose, the author was being lazy with the limits (basically, shorter than saying "integrate over the whole area of the unit sphere"). It is fine to be lazy in mathematics, but not so much when programming.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 2:17












  • $begingroup$
    @J.M. is slightly pensive Ok.. but why Mathematica function proposed in the answear does not work with With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), {s,0,4Pi}] ]
    $endgroup$
    – Jose Enrique Calderon
    Apr 1 at 2:20








  • 2




    $begingroup$
    @Jose The syntax {s, 0, 4 Pi} already implies one-dimensional s from Mathematica's view, while in the "abuse of notation" used in your reference, $hat{s}$ is implied to be a vector.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 2:23








  • 3




    $begingroup$
    @Jose: the easiest way is that you have to switch to spherical coordinates if you need to integrate across arbitrary angles. If you insist on keeping yourself to regions, you can use RegionIntersection with Sphere and either ConicHullRegion or HalfSpace.
    $endgroup$
    – J. M. is slightly pensive
    Apr 1 at 2:31
















$begingroup$
Why it simply does not work with limits of integration {s,0,4Pi}
$endgroup$
– Jose Enrique Calderon
Apr 1 at 2:15




$begingroup$
Why it simply does not work with limits of integration {s,0,4Pi}
$endgroup$
– Jose Enrique Calderon
Apr 1 at 2:15




3




3




$begingroup$
@Jose, the author was being lazy with the limits (basically, shorter than saying "integrate over the whole area of the unit sphere"). It is fine to be lazy in mathematics, but not so much when programming.
$endgroup$
– J. M. is slightly pensive
Apr 1 at 2:17






$begingroup$
@Jose, the author was being lazy with the limits (basically, shorter than saying "integrate over the whole area of the unit sphere"). It is fine to be lazy in mathematics, but not so much when programming.
$endgroup$
– J. M. is slightly pensive
Apr 1 at 2:17














$begingroup$
@J.M. is slightly pensive Ok.. but why Mathematica function proposed in the answear does not work with With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), {s,0,4Pi}] ]
$endgroup$
– Jose Enrique Calderon
Apr 1 at 2:20






$begingroup$
@J.M. is slightly pensive Ok.. but why Mathematica function proposed in the answear does not work with With[{s = {x, y, z}, A = {A1, A2, A3}}, Integrate[s (s.A), {s,0,4Pi}] ]
$endgroup$
– Jose Enrique Calderon
Apr 1 at 2:20






2




2




$begingroup$
@Jose The syntax {s, 0, 4 Pi} already implies one-dimensional s from Mathematica's view, while in the "abuse of notation" used in your reference, $hat{s}$ is implied to be a vector.
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– J. M. is slightly pensive
Apr 1 at 2:23






$begingroup$
@Jose The syntax {s, 0, 4 Pi} already implies one-dimensional s from Mathematica's view, while in the "abuse of notation" used in your reference, $hat{s}$ is implied to be a vector.
$endgroup$
– J. M. is slightly pensive
Apr 1 at 2:23






3




3




$begingroup$
@Jose: the easiest way is that you have to switch to spherical coordinates if you need to integrate across arbitrary angles. If you insist on keeping yourself to regions, you can use RegionIntersection with Sphere and either ConicHullRegion or HalfSpace.
$endgroup$
– J. M. is slightly pensive
Apr 1 at 2:31




$begingroup$
@Jose: the easiest way is that you have to switch to spherical coordinates if you need to integrate across arbitrary angles. If you insist on keeping yourself to regions, you can use RegionIntersection with Sphere and either ConicHullRegion or HalfSpace.
$endgroup$
– J. M. is slightly pensive
Apr 1 at 2:31


















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